Les BaxterBackground informationBirth nameLeslie Thompson BaxterBorn( 1922-03-14)March 14, 1922, U.S.DiedJanuary 15, 1996 (1996-01-15) (aged 73), U.S.Genres,Occupation(s),InstrumentsPianoLeslie Thompson Baxter (March 14, 1922 – January 15, 1996) was an American musician and composer. After working as an and composer for, he developed his own style of music, known as. Some of his many credits were questioned by and others, but Baxter said these claims were part of a smear campaign. Contents.Early life Baxter studied piano at the Detroit Conservatory before moving to Los Angeles for further studies at.
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From 1943 on he played tenor and baritone saxophone for the big band. Abandoning a concert career as a pianist, he turned to popular music as a singer. At the age of 23 he joined 's, singing on records such as '.Career Baxter then turned to arranging and conducting for in 1950, and conducted the orchestra in two early hits, ' and '. In 1953 he scored his first movie, the sailing Tanga Tika. With his own orchestra, he released a number of hits including ' (1953), ' (1955), and ' (1956), and is remembered for a version of ' (1956), definitively setting the sound with varying tempos, orchestral flourishes, and wailing background vocals. 'Unchained Melody' was the first million seller for Baxter, and was awarded a. 'The Poor People of Paris' also sold over one million copies.
He also achieved success with concept albums of his own orchestral suites: Le Sacre Du Sauvage, Festival Of The Gnomes, Ports Of Pleasure, and Brazil Now, the first three for Capitol and the fourth on 's Crescendo label. The list of musicians on these recordings includes.
Baxter also wrote the 'Whistle' theme from the TV show.In the 1960s, he formed the Balladeers, a conservative folk group in suits that at one time featured a young. Later he used some of the same singers from that group for a studio project called. They had a minor hit in 1967 with a rendition of 'River is Wide' which implemented the technique originally developed.
He worked in radio as musical director of and the and shows.Like his counterparts and, Baxter worked in films in the 1960s and 1970s. He worked on movie scores for B-movie studio where he composed scores for 's films and other horror and beach party films including,.
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He also composed a new score for the theatrical release of the 1970 horror film after AIP rejected original one. Recalled that Baxter composed, orchestrated and recorded the entire score of (1954) in a total of three hours for $5,000.When soundtrack work fell off in the 1980s, he for theme parks such as.Baxter died in Newport Beach, California at the age of 73. Survived by his daughter Leslie, he was buried at Pacific View Memorial Park, in, California. Controversy According to, was a ghostwriter for Baxter when Baxter was working for Nat King Cole.
This doesn't make any sense, though, because while Baxter was working (and got credited) as a conductor for Nat King Cole, he never was officially credited as a composer or arranger. Bernhart states that Riddle told him that Baxter did not write the material on his exotica albums.: 37 Bernhart states that, while working for Baxter on recording a score for a Roger Corman film, it was apparent that Baxter could not conduct competently and 'couldn't read the scores.' According to Bernhart, 'Someone else had written the music.' : 38 But Baxter went on to write symphonies for the Los Angeles Philharmonic and guest conduct at the Hollywood Bowl.Nelson Riddle held a grudge against Baxter for supposedly taking credit for Riddle's arrangements on two Nat King Cole hit recordings. According to, when collaborating once with Baxter, in the time Previn and Riddle had finished their parts, Baxter had written just one bar for woodwinds and included a note for the oboe that does not exist on the instrument.Gene Lees states that the exotica albums were written by and the material recorded with Yma Sumac was written. According to Rugolo, he was paid $50 per arrangement to ghost for Les Baxter and that he 'did a whole album with Yma Sumac'.: 66 This does not make much sense either, because arrangements and most compositions for the album ( Voice of the Xtabay) were officially credited to on the original release.
Les Baxter was just credited as a conductor, only in 1991 the German film documentary Yma Sumac - Hollywoods Inkaprinzessin claimed that most of the album was in fact ghostwritten by Les Baxter for Moises Vivanco. Yma Sumac's friendship with Les Baxter continued and saw him write many of his Exotica melodies.In a 1981 interview with Soundtrack magazine, Baxter said that these sorts of statements were the results of a smear campaign by a disgruntled orchestrator. According to Baxter, this resulted in Baxter being denied the chance to score for a major motion picture. The job went instead to Baxter's friend. Baxter said that he would give his compositions to orchestrators to orchestrate to deal with a hectic schedule.Baxter's frequent conductor and orchestrator Hall Daniels also said the criticisms were the result of 'sour grapes' who held a grudge against Baxter for one reason or another.spent time working for and studying under Baxter where he witnessed various score sheets of original Baxter compositions, including 's 'Xtabay' and 'Tumpa'. According to Heller, they were all in Baxter's own handwriting.Furthermore, the Les Baxter papers, which are housed at the University of Arizona, show a significant number of arrangements in his own hand. Legacy Baxter, alongside and, is celebrated as one of the progenitors of music.
In his 1996 appreciation for magazine, writer David Toop wrote that Baxter 'offered package tours in sound, selling tickets to sedentary tourists who wanted to stroll around some taboo emotions before lunch, view a ceremony, go wild in the sun or conjure a demon, all without leaving home stereo comforts in the whitebread suburbs.' Awards Baxter has a motion picture star on the at 6314 Hollywood Blvd. Selected filmography. Randol, Shaun (November 20, 2012). The Mantle forum. ^ Murrells, Joseph (1978). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd.
Pp. 71–2. Carvounas, Robert J.
A History of the Golden Bear, Huntington Beach.: Westminster Press. P. 58. Weaver, Tom (2000). Return of the B Science Fiction and Horror Heroes. January 20, 1996.
at. ^ (2003). (2005). September in the Rain: The Life of Nelson Riddle.
Pp. 91–93. ^. January 15, 1996. Retrieved August 17, 2015. Archived from on May 17, 2013.
Baxter, Les. The Les Baxter Collection.
University of Arizona School of Music. July 24, 2008.External links. dead link. on.